Two new species of Distaplia (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) from the SW Atlantic, Argentina

The ascidian fauna from the Southwestern Atlantic (Argentine Sea) have scarcely been studied and have rarely been sampled. The existing scanty ascidian records are from specimens collected by dredging many decades ago. During samplings in the San Matias Gulf (Río Negro, Patagonia), two new Distaplia species were found. Distaplia naufragii sp. nov. was collected in the subtidal zone attached to a shipwreck, while the other species, Distaplia fortuita sp. nov. was found released by the tides in the sandy intertidal zone. These two new species differ deeply from each other in the size and morphology of their zooids. They represent one third of the known species belonging to the family Holozoidae in the SW Atlantic. These results reinforce the importance of new studies in this extensive but little explored area that is, in addition, susceptible to invasion by non-native species.Fil: Lagger, Cristian Fabian. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicas y Naturales. Departamento de Diversidad Biologica y Ecologica. Cat.de Ecologia Marina; ArgentinaFil: Tatian, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Cordoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecologia Animal; Argentin

Invasive ascidians: Do local predators play a key role in colonization success?

Invasive ascidians are usually considered as pests in the invaded areas including aquaculture facilities. Predation might control the establishment and further colonization depending on the habitat and the predator/prey species involved in the interaction. In this work, we evaluate the effect of different potential predators on the survival of the adults of Ascidiella aspersa, one of the most invasive ascidian species in Argentina. Predator and prey species were collected in Puerto Madryn port, transported to the aquarium and acclimated during seven days. As potential predators, we tested the exotic sea slug, as well as native sea stars and sea urchins. Several trials were made in individual tanks subdivided in two equal compartments (prey alone and prey plus one predator species). After a starvation period (2-9 days depending on the species), a predator was placed in a compartment with four ascidians during 2-4 days depending on the predator species. At the end, we quantified mortality percentage in both compartments, when it was zero, we offered to the predator his favourite prey to confirm that the rejection was not due to satiety. Ascidians were observed for a week to discard death due to tunic damage. Preliminary results showed that sea urchins and sea slugs feed upon the epibionts growing on the ascidian tunic, causing a superficial damage to the tunic but not killing the ascidians. Only sea stars were able to injure the tunic but the ascidians survived and lived with that injury. More experiments are been performing with a wider pool of predator species, including the voracious invasive green crab Carcinus maenas, and also evaluating the effects of predation on other invasive ascidians, including adults and juveniles. These results suggest that A. aspersa adults are strong enough for local predators, however the softer juveniles could be negatively affected by predation.Fil: Giachetti, Clara Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Battini, Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Tatian, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Schwindt, Evangelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos; ArgentinaMarine and Freshwater Invasive Species: Ecology, Impact and ManagementBuenos AiresArgentinaAquatic Ecosystem Health and Management SocietyConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnica

Population genetic structure of the Antarctic ascidian Aplidium falklandicum from Scotia Arc and South Shetland Islands

In sessile marine organisms, gene flow between populations depends mainly on free-living reproductive stages (such as larvae and gametes), and usually the strength of genetic structure is related to the time spent in the plankton and physical factors as oceanographic conditions. In Antarctica, abyssal depths that surround the continent and the Polar Front are considered strong barriers for benthic marine fauna, keeping the continent isolated from other shelves. The only available shallow water habitats between South America and the Antarctic continent are those around the Scotia Arc Islands; there are no shallow water habitats between the other southern continents and Antarctica. In this work, ISSRs-PCR markers were used to study the genetic structure of populations of Aplidium falklandicum, a compound ascidian with short-lived lecitotrophic larvae. A highly significant genetic differentiation (ΦST = 0.405; P < 0.05) and a pattern of isolation by distance were found. A genetic landscape approach identified a discontinuity in genetic diversity, coincident with the southernmost registered position of the Polar Front. For A. falklandicum, a species with presumably low capacity of long distance dispersal, the abyssal depths together with the large geographic distances create a barrier for gene flow.Fil: Demarchi, Maria Milagros. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicas y Naturales. Departamento de Diversidad Biologica y Ecologica. Cat.de Ecologia Marina; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolución; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Chiappero, Marina Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Físicas y Naturales. Cátedra de Genética de Poblaciones y Evolución; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Tatian, Marcos. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicas y Naturales. Departamento de Diversidad Biologica y Ecologica. Cat.de Ecologia Marina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Sahade, Ricardo Jose. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicas y Naturales. Departamento de Diversidad Biologica y Ecologica. Cat.de Ecologia Marina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

Targeting clams: Insights into the invasive potential and current and future distribution of Asian clams

Bivalves are among the main groups of invasive freshwater species, with the Asian clam genus Corbicula in particular being widely distributed. While global studies have focused on Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774), the invasive potential of Corbicula largillierti (Philippi, 1844) and Corbicula fluminalis (Müller, 1774) is still unknown. The spread of invasive species may be intensified by climate change. We estimated and compared environmentally suitable areas for these species under hypothetical climate scenarios, generating global maps of invasion risk. We found large climatically suitable areas for C. largillierti and C. fluminalis (under species distribution models) and that their invasive potential is currently underestimated. The analysis revealed many areas in which changing climate may favour the invasion of Corbicula spp.Fil: Reyna, Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Nori, Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Ballesteros, Maria Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Hued, Andrea Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Tatian, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

Not as clear as expected: what genetic data tell about Southern Hemisphere corellids (Ascidiacea: Phlebobranchia)

The morphology of corellids (Ascidiacea) has led to numerous misidentifications and wrong taxonomic decisions over the last century. Paradoxically, the morphology has also enabled new species to be identified and ancient entities to be re-established in the Southern Hemisphere. There are many examples of the integration of morphological and molecular data leading to the same taxonomic conclusions, and therefore we aimed to analyse DNA sequences of the gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I of currently accepted species within Corellidae occurring in the Southern Hemisphere. Haplotype networks along with phylogenetic trees and genetic distances not only corroborate the distinction between Corella eumyota and Corella antarctica, but also separate the latter into two potential groups, one located in Terre Adélie and the other in the Antarctic Peninsula (AP). Furthermore, the C. antarctica group from the AP was closely related to the allied abyssal species, Corynascidia suhmi from Terre Adélie. Although the number of new sequences is reduced, our results are congruent with a long record of suspicion on the matter and stress the need for deeper and more extensive investigation of this ascidian family.Fil: Alurralde, Roque Gastón. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: de Aranzamendi, Maria Carla. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Taverna, Anabela Jesús. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Maggioni, Tamara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Tatian, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

Ascidiacea (Chordata, Tunicata) de Uruguay (Atlántico SO): Checklist y consideraciones zoogeográficas

The diversity of ascidians from the Southwestern Atlantic between 30°S and 40°S (southern Brazil, Uruguay and northern Argentina) remains as one of the poorest known of the West Atlantic. The objective of this work is to compile, analyze and discuss all published records of ascidians from Uruguay. They show the historical relevance of the studies performed by Herdman, Monniot F. and Monniot C. on ascidians collected at deep-sea stations by the HMS Challenger and the RV Atlantis II in the Argentine Basin. Total literature records include 38 ascidian species which are enumerated here for the first time. On the basis of the current knowledge, the ascidian fauna of Uruguayan waters encompasses: a) shallow-water species with temperate distribution (3 spp.); b) shelf and deep-sea species with Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic distribution (13 spp.); c) deep-sea species until now only collected off Río de La Plata (11 spp.); d) deep-sea species displaying a wide distribution (11 spp.). Only nine species have been recorded for the continental shelf; the remaining species were collected either from the slope (21) or the abyssal plain (5) or both deep-sea zones (3). Future research should be directed to record coastline and shelf species, assess the presence of exotic elements, and re-describe enigmatic species first described by Herdman (1882, 1886).Fil: Fabrizio Scarabino. Centro Universitario Regional del Este - CURE, Universidad de la República y Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo, ; UruguayFil: Maggioni, Tamara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Taverna, Anabela Jesús. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Lagger, Cristian Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral; ArgentinaFil: Schwindt, Evangelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Guzmán López. Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos, Montevideo; UruguayFil: Leonardo Ortega. Dirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos, Montevideo; UruguayFil: Felipe García-Rodríguez. Centro Universitario Regional del Este -CURE, Universidad de la República, Montevideo ; UruguayFil: Tatian, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

Ascidian distribution provides new insights to help define the biogeographic provinces in the South American Region

The validity and size of the biogeographic Magellan Province of marine organisms have been the focus of discussion of many authors. The distribution of fish and other organisms has revealed a lack of homogeneity in the area, which has also been interpreted as comprising four different Provinces: Southern Chile (SCH), Tierra del Fuego (TDF), Southern Argentina (SAR), and the Malvinas/Falkland Islands (MAI). For the first time, we assess the ascidian fauna of this region to determine if the distribution of benthic sessile filter feeders corresponds to these biogeographic provinces. Ascidian species richness and percentages of endemism for these four areas were estimated using data from the literature and new sampling. Biogeographic affinities among SCH, TDF, SAR, and MAI were also calculated. The species Pyura pilosa, Molgula malvinensis, and Molgula manhattensis, the latter frequently considered as invasive, were found for the first time on the TDF shelf. The highest ascidian species richness was found in TDF (70 species), while the percentages of endemism greater than 10% (the minimum to qualify an area as a province) were found in TDF (15.7%) and SCH (11.1%). SAR and MAI showed the lowest percentages of endemism and the strongest affinity. Based on percentages of endemism, faunal affinities, and differences among the four provinces, we propose a separation of the South American Region into three Provinces: SCH, TDF, and SAR/MAI. Continued sampling of ascidians is considered to be particularly important, given the potential spread of invasive species throughout this region.Fil: Taverna, Anabela Jesús. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Lagger, Cristian Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Maggioni, Tamara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Reyna, Paola Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Lovrich, Gustavo Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Tatian, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

Deep-sea ascidians (Chordata, Tunicata) from the SW Atlantic: Species richness with descriptions of two new species

The understudied deep-sea benthic communities from the Southwestern Atlantic continental slope (200 m–3000 m depth) were sampled on August 2012 in an area located around 38°S that included the Mar del Plata submarine canyon. In these samplings we found a total of 16 ascidian species from six different families, of which two corresponded to new species. These were: Aplidium meridianum (Sluiter, 1906); Aplidium variabile (Herdman, 1886); Aplidium marplatensis Maggioni & Tatián (sp. nov. present work); Aplidium solitarium Maggioni & Tatián (sp. nov. present work); Synoicum georgianum Sluiter, 1932; Synoicum molle (Herdman, 1886); Synoicum sp.; Polysyncraton trivolutum (Millar, 1960); Sycozoa umbellata (Michaelsen, 1898); Ascidia meridionalis Herdman, 1880; Cnemidocarpa drygalskii (Hartmeyer, 1911); Styela squamosa Herdman, 1881; Pyura pilosa Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1974; Molgula pyriformis Herdman, 1881; Molgula setigera Ärnbäck-Christie-Linde, 1938 and Asajirus indicus (Oka, 1913). Based on morphological evidence, we propose the new synonymy: Molgula setigera Ärnbäck-Christie-Linde, 1938 = Molgula marioni Millar, 1960 = Molgula robini Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1983. We also propose to maintain Molgula pyriformis and Molgula malvinensis as separate species. We report: the extension of the distribution range of Aplidium meridianum, Synoicum georgianum, Polysyncraton trivolutum, Sycozoa umbellata, Cnemidocarpa drygalskii, Pyura pilosa and Molgula setigera, being the first time they are collected off La Plata River; the deepest registers for Synoicum georgianum, Poylsyncraton trivolutum, Sycozoa umbellata, Ascidia meridionalis, Pyura pilosa, Molgula pyriformis and Molgula setigera; and the shallowest register for Synoicum molle.Fil: Maggioni, Tamara. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Taverna, Anabela Jesús. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Reyna, Paola Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Alurralde, Roque Gastón. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Rimondino, Clara Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Tatian, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

A new record of ascidiella scabra (Müller, 1776) (ascidiacea, phlebobranchia) in the southwestern atlantic

Non-indigenous ascidians are transported across oceans in vessel-hull fouling communities, and regional traffic plays a role in their secondary spread. We found the ascidian Ascidiella scabra (Müller, 1776) in the hull-fouling community of an oceanographic vessel confined to waters of the southwestern Atlantic and Southern Oceans. The previously known distribution of this species was restricted to its native area (Mediterranean Sea and northeastern Atlantic); its presence in the southwestern Atlantic may have been masked in the past by the occurrence of its congener Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776).Fil: Gimenez, Diego Roman. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Taverna, Anabela Jesús. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Meloni, Marco. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución; ArgentinaFil: Correa, Nancy Myriam. Ministerio de Defensa. Armada Argentina. Servicio de Hidrografía Naval; Argentina. Ministerio de Defensa. Armada Argentina. Instituto Universitario Naval de la Ara. Escuela de Ciencias del Mar; Argentina. Universidad de la Defensa Nacional.; ArgentinaFil: Sylvester, Francisco. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto para el Estudio de la Biodiversidad de Invertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta; ArgentinaFil: Tatian, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin

What does the freshwater clam, Corbicula largillierti, have to tell us about chlorothalonil effects?

Chlorothalonil (CLT) is a broad spectrum, and non-systemic fungicide applied in foliar structures to prevent and treat pathogens. This compound reaches to aquatic environments and affects the biota. In this context, the main goal of this study was to assess the effects of CLT at biochemical, tissular, and individual levels of biological organization using the invasive bivalve Corbicula largillierti as a bioindicator species. Clams were exposed to different sublethal concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 50 µg. L−1 CLT) for 96 h. At biochemical level, the enzymatic activity (Glutathione-s-Transferase, Catalase, Acetyl-, Butiryl- and Carboxyl-esterases) and lipid peroxidation were measured in gills and the visceral mass. Also, the digestive gland morphometry through quantitative histological indexes was registered at the tissular level. Finally, filtering activity and burial behavior at the individual level were measured. At the highest CLT concentration, the most significant changes were observed in enzymatic activity (except for butyrylcholinesterase), lipid peroxidation and in digestive gland morphometry. It was also registered increases of the filtering activity and the latency time to burial. Most of the biomarkers assessed showed significant responses under CLT exposure. Therefore, taking into account that C. largillierti was affected by CLT, it can be expected that other species could be in a potential risk if this fungicide is present in freshwater systems.Fil: Reyna, Paola Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Albá, M. L.. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Florencia Anahi. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Pegoraro, César Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química; ArgentinaFil: Hued, Andrea Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Tatian, Marcos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Ballesteros, Maria Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentin